The status of journalism in a country reflects the values of its society, and particularly its political environment. It is impossible to be assessed away from its local sociopolitical and economic context. Although, on average, most Western societies spend 2% to 3% of their gross domestic product (GDP) on research and development, Arab states dedicate only 0.06%. Hence, it is not surprising perhaps that journalism in Egypt is at a low ebb despite decades of trying to find its niche within the university scholarly environment since the Open Door Policy was initiated by late President Sadat in the 1970s.
The media in Egypt are still subject to the authoritarian system, where they support and advance the policies of the government. The latter controls the media directly and indirectly through licensing, legal action, and financial assistance.
The political haze and social confusion that characterize journalism education in Egypt can be ascribed to a continuous process of legitimizing coercion, political “PR-ization” of the media, and the use of social taboos to block investigative reporting and the promotion of a bold journalism educational system. This perplexing situation has led to contrasting odds and vicious circles of liberalization and deliberalization.
Moreover, Egypt still suffers from the triple-edged syndrome of illness, poverty, and illiteracy. The current dilemma is further characterized by a lack of an independent press, sufficient budgets, and trends advancing individualism and skill premium.
